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قراءة كتاب The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics: A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student
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The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics: A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student
THE
DYEING OF COTTON FABRICS
A PRACTICAL HANDBOOK FOR THE DYER AND STUDENT
BY
FRANKLIN BEECH
PRACTICAL COLOURIST AND CHEMIST
ILLUSTRATED BY FORTY-FOUR ENGRAVINGS
LONDON
SCOTT, GREENWOOD & CO.
19 LUDGATE HILL, E.C.
1901
[All rights reserved]
PREFACE.
In writing this little book the author believes he is supplying a want which most Students and Dyers of Cotton Fabrics have felt—that of a small handbook clearly describing the various processes and operations of the great industry of dyeing Cotton.
The aim has not been to produce a very elaborate treatise but rather a book of a convenient size, and in order to do so it has been necessary to be brief and to omit many matters that would rightfully find a place in a larger treatise, but the author hopes that nothing of importance has been omitted. The most modern processes have been described in some detail; care has been taken to select those which experience shows to be thoroughly reliable and to give good results.
FRANKLIN BEECH.
May, 1901.
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CONTENTS.
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| PAGE | |
| CHAPTER I. | |
| STRUCTURE AND CHEMISTRY OF THE COTTON FIBRE | 1 |
| Action of Alkalies | 6 |
| Action of Acids on Cellulose | 9 |
| Action of Sulphuric Acid on Cotton | 10 |
| Action of Hydrochloric Acid | 11 |
| Action of Nitric Acid | 12 |
| Action of Oxidising Agents on Cellulose or Cotton | 16 |
| CHAPTER II. | |
| SCOURING AND BLEACHING OF COTTON | 23 |
| Stains and Damages in Bleached Goods | 50 |
| CHAPTER III. | |
| DYEING MACHINERY AND DYEING MANIPULATIONS | 53 |
| Hand Dyeing | 53 |
| Dyeing Machines | 57 |
| Dyeing, Slubbing, Sliver or Carded Cotton and Wool | 58 |
| Cop Dyeing | 64 |
| CHAPTER IV. | |
| THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF COTTON DYEING | 82 |
| (1) Direct Dyeing | 85 |
| (2) Direct Dyeing followed by Fixation with Metallic Salts | 112 |
| (3) Direct Dyeing followed by Fixation with Developers | 128 |
| (4) Direct Dyeing followed by Fixation with Couplers | 139 |
| (5) Dyeing on Tannic Mordant | 147 |
| (6) Dyeing on Metallic Mordants | 156 |
| (7) Production of Colour Direct upon Cotton Fibres | 181 |
| (8) Dyeing Cotton by Impregnation with Dye-stuff Solution | 198 |
| CHAPTER V. |