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قراءة كتاب Recreations in Astronomy With Directions for Practical Experiments and Telescopic Work

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Recreations in Astronomy
With Directions for Practical Experiments and Telescopic Work

Recreations in Astronomy With Directions for Practical Experiments and Telescopic Work

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دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
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frontispiece
THE CONSTELLATIONS OF ORION AND TAURUS.
NOTES.—Star α in Taurus is red, has eight metals; moves east (page 227). At o above tip of right horn is the Crab Nebula (page 219). In Orion, α is variable, has five metals; recedes 22 miles per second. β, δ, ε, ξ, ρ, etc., are double stars, the component parts of various colors and magnitudes (page 212, note). λ and ι are triple; σ, octuple; θ, multiple, surrounded by a fine Nebula (page 218).

RECREATIONS IN ASTRONOMY

WITH

DIRECTIONS FOR PRACTICAL EXPERIMENTS AND TELESCOPIC WORK

BY

HENRY WHITE WARREN, D.D.

AUTHOR OF "SIGHTS AND INSIGHTS; OR, KNOWLEDGE BY TRAVEL," ETC.

WITH EIGHTY-THREE ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS OF STARS

ΤΗΙ ΨΥΧΗΙ
ΤΗΙ ΑΓΑΠΗΤΗΙ
ΑΣΤΡΑΠΤΟΥΣΗΙ
ΚΑΙ
ΙΣΑΓΓΕΔΩΙ

PREFACE.

All sciences are making an advance, but Astronomy is moving at the double-quick. Since the principles of this science were settled by Copernicus, four hundred years ago, it has never had to beat a retreat. It is rewritten not to correct material errors, but to incorporate new discoveries.

Once Astronomy treated mostly of tides, seasons, and telescopic aspects of the planets; now these are only primary matters. Once it considered stars as mere fixed points of light; now it studies them as suns, determines their age, size, color, movements, chemical constitution, and the revolution of their planets. Once it considered space as empty; now it knows that every cubic inch of it quivers with greater intensity of force than that which is visible in Niagara. Every inch of surface that can be conceived of between suns is more wave-tossed than the ocean in a storm.

The invention of the telescope constituted one era in Astronomy; its perfection in our day, another; and the discoveries of the spectroscope a third—no less important than either of the others.

While nearly all men are prevented from practical experimentation in these high realms of knowledge, few have so little leisure as to be debarred from intelligently enjoying the results of the investigations of others.

This book has been written not only to reveal some of the highest achievements of the human mind, but also to let the heavens declare the glory of the Divine Mind. In the author's judgment, there is no gulf that separates science and religion, nor any conflict where they stand together. And it is fervently hoped that anyone who comes to a better knowledge of God's works through reading this book, may thereby come to a more intimate knowledge of the Worker.

I take great pleasure in acknowledging my indebtedness to J. M. Van Vleck, LL.D., of the U.S. Nautical Almanac staff, and Professor of Astronomy at the Wesleyan University, for inspecting some of the more important chapters; to Dr. S. S. White, of Philadelphia, for telescopic advantages; to Professor Henry Draper, for furnishing, in advance of publication, a photograph of the sun's corona in 1878; and to the excellent work on "Popular Astronomy," by Professor Simon Newcomb, LL.D., Professor U. S. Naval Observatory, for some of the most recent information, and for the use of the unequalled engravings of Jupiter, Saturn, and the great nebula of Orion.

CONTENTS.

CHAP.  
I. CREATIVE PROCESSES
II. CREATIVE PROGRESS
  Constitution of Light
  Chemistry of Suns revealed by Light
  Creative Force of Light
III. ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS
  The Telescope
  The Reflecting Telescope
  The Spectroscope
IV. CELESTIAL MEASUREMENTS
  Celestial Movements
  How to Measure
V. THE SUN
  What the Sun does for us
VI. THE PLANETS, AS SEEN FROM SPACE
  The Outlook from the Earth
VII. SHOOTING-STARS, METEORS, AND COMETS
  Aerolites
  Comets
  Famous Comets
  Of what do Comets consist?
  Will Comets strike the Earth?
VIII. THE PLANETS AS INDIVIDUALS
  Vulcan
  Mercury
  Venus
  The Earth
  The Aurora Borealis
  The Delicate Balance of Forces
  Tides
  The Moon
  Telescopic Appearance
  Eclipses
  Mars
  Satellites of Mars
  Asteroids
  Jupiter
  Satellites of Jupiter
  Saturn
  Rings of Saturn
 

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