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قراءة كتاب The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198

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The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona
Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198

The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198

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The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona, by Cosmos Mindeleff

Title: The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona

Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198

Author: Cosmos Mindeleff

Release Date: November 6, 2006 [eBook #19723]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CLIFF RUINS OF CANYON DE CHELLY, ARIZONA***



E-text prepared by Louise Hope, Carlo Traverso,
and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
(http://www.pgdp.net/)
from psge images generously made available by the
Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica)
(http://gallica.bnf.fr/)



Note: This document is taken from the Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198. Images of the original pages are available through the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica) http://gallica.bnf.fr/.



Transcriber's note:

Several Figures, with their captions, were printed sideways in the original book. Their position has been retained for this e-text, rotated 180° where necessary to keep all oriented in the same direction (top of Figure on the left). Each of these Figures links to a separate illustration at the same scale but horizontally positioned.

A few typographical errors have been corrected. They have been marked in the text with mouse-hover popups. The spelling "bowlder" is standard for this publication.

Brackets within quotations are in the original.







THE CLIFF RUINS

OF

CANYON DE CHELLY, ARIZONA

BY
COSMOS MINDELEFF

CONTENTS


Page
Introduction 79
History and literature 79
Geography 82
Classification and descriptions 89
Ruins of the pueblo region 89
I—Old villages on open sites 93
II—Home villages on bottom lands 94
III—Home villages located for defense 111
IV—Cliff outlooks or farming shelters 142
Details 153
Sites 153
Masonry 159
Openings 164
Roofs, floors, and timber work 165
Storage and burial cists (Navaho) 166
Defensive and constructive expedients 170
Kivas or sacred chambers 174
Chimney-like structures 182
Traditions 190
Conclusions 191
 
Index
Footnotes
Numbered sites (list added by

Pages