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قراءة كتاب Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries
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Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries
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TABLE of the Combinations of Succinic Acid, 273
SECT. XXXIV.—Observations upon Succinic Acid, and its Combinations with Salifiable Bases, 274
SECT. XXXV.—Observations upon Benzoic Acid, and its Combinations with Salifiable Bases, 275
SECT. XXXVI.—Observations upon Camphoric Acid, and its Combinations with Salifiable Bases, 276
SECT. XXXVII.—Observations upon Gallic Acid, and its Combinations with Salifiable Bases, 277
SECT. XXXVIII.—Observations upon Lactic Acid, and its Combinations with Salifiable Bases, 278
TABLE of the Combinations of Saccholactic Acid, 280
SECT. XXXIX.—Observations upon Saccholactic Acid, and its Combination with Salifiable Bases, 281
TABLE of the Combinations of Formic Acid, 282
SECT. XL.—Observations upon Formic Acid, and its Combinations with the Salifiable Bases, 283
SECT. XLI.—Observations upon the Bombic Acid, and its Combinations with the Salifiable Bases, 284
TABLE of the Combinations of the Sebacic Acid, 285
SECT. XLII.—Observations upon the Sebacic Acid, and its Combinations with the Salifiable Bases, 286
SECT. XLIII.—Observations upon the Lithic Acid, and its Combinations with the Salifiable Bases, 287
TABLE of the Combinations of the Prussic Acid, 288
SECT. XLIV.—Observations upon the Prussic Acid, and its Combinations with the Salifiable Bases, 289
PART III.
Description of the Instruments and Operations of Chemistry, 291
INTRODUCTION, 291
CHAP. I.—Of the Instruments necessary for determining
the Absolute and Specific Gravities of Solid and Liquid Bodies, 295
CHAP. II.—Of Gazometry, or the Measurement of the Weight and Volume of Aëriform Substances, 304
SECT. I.—Of the Pneumato-chemical Apparatus, ibid.
SECT. II.—Of the Gazometer, 308
SECT. III.—Some other methods for Measuring the Volume of Gasses, 319
SECT. IV.—Of the method of Separating the different Gasses from each other, 323
SECT. V.—Of the necessary Corrections of the Volume of Gasses,
according to the Pressure of the Atmosphere, 328
SECT. VI.—Of the Correction relative to the Degrees of the Thermometer, 335
SECT. VII.—Example for Calculating the Corrections
relative to the Variations of Pressure and Temperature, 337
SECT. VIII.—Method of determining the Weight of the different Gasses, 340
CHAP. III.—Description of the Calorimeter, or Apparatus for measuring Caloric, 343
CHAP. IV.—Of the Mechanical Operations for Division of Bodies, 357
[Pg xlviii] SECT. I.—Of Trituration, Levigation, and Pulverization, ibid.
SECT. II.—Of Sifting and Washing Powdered Substances, 361
SECT. III.—Of Filtration, 363
SECT. IV.—Of Decantation, 365
CHAP. V.—Of Chemical means for Separating the Particles of Bodies
from each other without Decomposition, and for Uniting them again, 367
SECT. I.—Of the Solution of Salts, 368
SECT. II.—Of Lixiviation, 373
SECT. III.—Of Evaporation, 375
SECT. IV.—Of Cristallization, 379
SECT. V.—Of Simple Distillation, 384
SECT. VI.—Of Sublimation, 388
CHAP. VI.—Of Pneumato-chemical Distillations, Metallic Dissolutions,
and some other operations which require very complicated instruments, 390
SECT. I.—Of Compound and Pneumato-chemical Distillations, ibid.
SECT. II.—Of Metallic Dissolutions, 398
SECT. III.—Apparatus necessary in Experiments upon Vinous and Putrefactive Fermentations, 401
SECT. IV.—Apparatus for the Decomposition of Water, 404
CHAP. VII.—Of the Composition and Use of Lutes, 407
CHAP. VIII.—Of Operations upon Combustion and Deflagration, 414
SECT. I.—Of Combustion in general, ibid.
SECT. II.—Of the Combustion of Phosphorus, 418
SECT. III.—Of the Combustion of Charcoal, 422
SECT. IV.—Of the Combustion of Oils, 426
SECT. V.—Of the Combustion of Alkohol, 433
SECT. VI.—Of the Combustion of Ether, 435
SECT. VII.—Of the Combustion of Hydrogen Gas, and the Formation of Water, 437
SECT. VIII.—Of the Oxydation of Metals, 441
CHAP. IX.—Of Deflagration, 452
CHAP. X.—Of the Instruments necessary for Operating upon Bodies in very high Temperatures, 460
SECT. I.—Of Fusion, ibid.
SECT. II.—Of Furnaces, 462
SECT. III.—Of increasing the Action of Fire, by using Oxygen Gas instead of Atmospheric Air, 474
APPENDIX.
No. I.—Table for Converting Lines, or Twelfth Parts of an