of third, from distal end of penultimate phalanx of third to middle of antepenultimate of fourth to middle of penultimate of fifth toe.

Anal opening directed posteroventrally at level of mid-thigh, bordered below by large tubercles; anal sheath lacking. Skin smooth on dorsum except for small scattered tubercles, granular on belly and posteroventral surfaces of thighs. Tongue round, emarginate, barely free behind. Prevomerine teeth 5-5, on large ovoid elevations at level of posterior edges of small round choanae.

Color (in preservative): dark purplish brown above, brown on limbs; first three fingers and first three toes creamy yellow; other digits brown; flanks dark brown with white spots; anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs and inner surfaces of shanks brown with cream-colored spots. White stripes on edge of upper lip, ventrolateral edge of forearm, outer edge of tarsus, and above anus. Chin and throat white; belly and ventral surfaces of limbs cream-color.

Color (in life): dorsum green, palest on sides of head; dorsal surfaces of thighs tan; canthal stripe bronze-tan (reddish copper at night); flanks, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs, and inner surfaces of tarsi brown with bright yellow spots. Throat and belly pale yellow; ventral surfaces of limbs dull, dark yellow; large, bright yellow spot on anteroventral surface of thigh; bright yellow tubercles on median part of ventral surface of thigh. Anal area dark brown with white stripe above and yellow stripe below; white stripe on outer edge of forearm, outer edge of tarsus, and edge of upper lip. Iris gold-color with fine black reticulations and faint reddish suffusion medially; palpebral membrane clear.

Comparisons.—Hyla xanthosticta is a member of the Hyla pictipes group that contains debilis, pictipes, rivularis, and tica. From all of these, xanthosticta differs by having large yellow spots on the flanks and thighs, a white labial stripe, and a large yellow spot on the proximal ventral surface of each thigh. Females of Hyla pictipes have small creamy yellow spots on the flanks and thighs but have dark spots on the venter; furthermore, pictipes lacks white stripes on the upper lip and above the anus, lacks a canthal stripe, and has larger discs and less webbing on the hand. Hyla tica differs from xanthosticta by having white mottling on the flanks, dark transverse bands on the limbs, and larger discs, and lacks yellow spots on the thighs, and white stripes on the upper lip, limbs, and above the anus. Hyla rivularis is notably different in having a tan dorsum and creamy yellow venter with black flecks; moreover, rivularis lacks spots on the flanks and thighs and white stripes on the upper lip, limbs, and above the anus. Of all of the species in the pictipes group, xanthosticta most closely resembles debilis. This species has a dull green dorsum, usually flecked with brown or black, and a creamy white venter. The flanks of debilis are creamy white with small brown flecks, and the anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs are bright yellow. Hyla debilis has a dull tan canthal stripe and white spots on the upper lip; the webbing on the hand is slightly more extensive, and the discs are slightly larger, in debilis than in xanthosticta.

The presence of the large yellow spots on the flanks and thighs in combination with the uniformly green dorsum and yellow venter immediately distinguishes Hyla xanthosticta from all other known species of Middle American hylids.

Remarks.—The only known specimen of Hyla xanthosticta was perched at night on a leaf about one meter above the ground. The frog was found in humid upper montane forest characterized by large oaks supporting many bromeliads and heavy growths of mosses. Two other members of the Hyla pictipes group—pictipes and rivularis—were abundant along a stream in the oak forest.

The specific name is derived from the Greek xanthos meaning yellow and the Greek stiktos meaning spotted, and alludes to the diagnostic yellow spots on the flanks and thighs.

Hyla pseudopuma infucata new subspecies

Plate 17

Holotype.—Adult male, KU 101770 from the Río Changena, Bocas del Toro Province, Panamá, elevation 830 meters; obtained May 18, 1966, by William E. Duellman.

Paratypes.—KU 101771-80; MCZ 55251-2, and UMMZ 126811-12, same locality; collected May 18-22, 1966, by William E. Duellman.

Diagnosis.—A subspecies of Hyla pseudopuma characterized by having dark red, instead of yellow, in groin and on anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs; white stripe above anal opening; and blunt snout.

Description of holotype.—Adult male having a snout-vent length of 37.8 mm.; tibia length 20.6 mm., 54.4 per cent of snout-vent length; foot length (measured from proximal edge of inner metatarsal tubercle) 18.6 mm., 49.2 per cent of snout-vent length; head length 11.9 mm., 31.4 per cent of snout-vent length; head width 11.4 mm., 30.1 per cent of snout-vent length. Snout in lateral profile bluntly rounded, in dorsal profile truncate; canthus rounded; loreal region barely concave; lips thick, moderately flared. Snout short, distance from anterior corner of eye to nostril equal to about three-fourths diameter of eye; nostrils slightly protuberant, directed dorsolaterally; internarial distance 2.6 mm.; internarial area not depressed; top of head flat; interorbital distance 3.8 mm., 33.3 per cent of width of head; width of eyelid 3.2 mm., 28.2 per cent of width of head. Eye large, protuberant, diameter 4.3 mm.; thin dermal fold extending posteriorly from posterior corner of eye, obscuring upper edge of tympanum, curving downward to point above insertion of arm. Tympanum distinct except dorsally, its diameter 51.1 per cent that of eye, separated from eye by distance equal to diameter of tympanum.

Axillary membrane absent; arms moderately robust; dermal fold on outer edge of forearm indistinct, interrupted; transverse fold on wrist weak; fingers short, stocky; length of fingers from shortest to longest, 1-2-4-3; discs large, width of that on third finger 2.6 mm., larger than tympanum; subarticular tubercles moderately small, flat, none distinctly bifid; supernumerary tubercles conical, present on proximal segments; prepollex enlarged, bearing nuptial excrescence composed of many minute horny spinules; webbing absent between first and second fingers, extending from middle of antepenultimate phalanx of second to base of antepenultimate phalanx of third and beyond to base of penultimate phalanx of fourth finger. Heels overlap by about one-third length of tarsus when hind limbs adpressed; tibiotarsal articulation extends to anterior corner of eye; transverse dermal fold on heel; tarsal fold absent; inner metatarsal tubercle long, elliptical, flat, barely visible from above; outer metatarsal tubercle small, conical; toes moderately long, stout; length of toes from shortest to longest, 1-2-3-5-4; discs nearly as large as those on fingers; subarticular tubercles small, flat; supernumerary tubercles large, conical, pigmented, in single row on proximal segments of each toe; toes about two-thirds webbed; webbing extending from distal end of penultimate phalanx of first toe to base of penultimate phalanx of second, from distal end of penultimate phalanx of second to middle of antepenultimate of third, from distal end of penultimate phalanx of third to base of penultimate of fourth to distal end of penultimate of fifth toe.

Anal opening directed posteriorly at level of upper surfaces of thighs, bordered below by vertical flesh folds; anal sheath absent. Skin of belly, ventral surfaces of arms, and proximal posteroventral surfaces of thighs granular, elsewhere smooth. Tongue ovoid, about twice as long as wide, shallowly notched posteriorly, barely free behind. Prevomerine teeth 5-6,