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قراءة كتاب A Synopsis of the American Bats of the Genus Pipistrellus
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A Synopsis of the American Bats of the Genus Pipistrellus
href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@34532@[email protected]#pipsubver" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">P. s. veracrucis excepted) aims merely to reflect the latest systematic treatment accorded the animals, we would follow Burt (op. cit.) were it not for the fact that he shows the geographic range of P. h. merriami separated by the range of P. h. hesperus into two parts. This is inconsistent with the ordinarily accepted concept of subspecies. Consequently, we have followed Hatfield (op. cit.). Clearly, a critical study is needed of adequate material of Pipistrellus hesperus of Mexico.
Pipistrellus hesperus maximus Hatfield, Jour. Mamm., 17:261, August 14, 1936.
Type locality.—Dog Spring, Hidalgo County, New Mexico.
Range.—Southern New Mexico, western Texas and probably the adjoining parts of Mexico. Marginal occurrences (after Hatfield [op. cit.:261] except as otherwise indicated) are: New Mexico: Animas Valley; Florida Mountains; Carlsbad Cave. Texas: Mouth of Pecos River (Bailey, N. Amer. Fauna, 25:210, 1905); Boquillas (Borell and Bryant, Univ. California Publ. Zool., 48:9, 1942); Glen Spring (Borell and Bryant, loc. cit.).
Diagnosis.—Size large for the species; total length, 80.3(78-83); tibia, 12.3(11.7-13.1); forearm, 32.9(31.8-33.3); greatest length of skull, 12.7(12.3-12.9); breadth of braincase, 6.6(6.5-6.7). Color between Smoke Gray and Pale Drab (after Hatfield, op. cit.:261).
Pipistrellus hesperus santarosae Hatfield, Jour. Mamm., 17:261, August 14, 1936.
Type locality.—Santa Rosa, Guadalupe County, New Mexico.
Range.—New Mexico (excepting southern part) and western Colorado. Marginal occurrences (after Hatfield, op. cit.:262) are: Colorado: Bedrock. New Mexico: Santa Rosa; Socorro; Laguna.
Diagnosis.—Size large for the species; total length, 82.0(80-86); tibia, 12.4(11.9-13.0); forearm, 32.8(31.7-34.1); greatest length of skull, 12.7(12.3-13.1); breadth of braincase, 6.6(6.3-6.8). Color between Buffy Brown and Wood Brown (after Hatfield, op. cit.:261, 262).
(Synonomy under subspecies)
Range.—Canadian to Tropical life-zones of eastern North America from Quebec southward to Honduras.
Characters.—Sayal Brown to darker than Mummy Brown, dorsally; total length, 73-89; foot more than half as long as tibia; tragus tapering and straight; dorsal profile of skull convex in interorbital region; inner upper incisor bicuspidate; outer upper incisor unicuspidate (lacking accessory cusp on anterointernal face); P1 viewed from occlusal face more than a seventh of area of canine and visible from labial aspect; lower, third premolar as high as anterior cusp of canine; lower premolars less crowded than in P. hesperus and distance between canine and first molar less than length of second lower molar.
Remarks.—In winter this species hibernates in caves in clusters of fewer than fifty