Story Repeated—A Ray of Hope—Alsea Agency—The Alsea Indians—Their Character Peaceable and therefore Neglected—Crime Rewarded by the Government—Virtue Punished—The Destiny of the Alsea Tribe—A Stern Rebuke and a Prophecy

74 CHAPTER VII. PHIL SHERIDAN’S OLD HOME—WHAT A CABIN COST. Grand Round Agency—Indian Houses—Cost of a Board—Gen. Phil Sheridan—A Romance of a Young Chief—The Family from Missouri—The Red-skinned Archer and Pale-face Gunner—Their Trial of Skill—Fight with the Grizzly—The Wounded Hunter—The “Medicine Man”—Santiam and the Pale-faced Maiden—The Disappointment—Faithful to Her Vows—Description of the Valley Resumed—The Writer’s First Visit—The Indians There—Their Progress in Civilization—Ceremonious Hand-shaking—The Writer’s Remarks—Replies by Joe Hutchins and Louis Neposa—A Peculiarity of Indian Eloquence—Speeches by Black Tom and Solomon Riggs—The Writer’s Speech—Its Effect—Wapto Davis’s Plain Talk—Joe Hutchins’ Sarcasm—Result of the Council 101 CHAPTER VIII. STOPPING THE SURVEY—WHY.

Official Correspondence—What the Indians Need—Important Questions Asked—Commissioner Parker’s Reply. (See Appendix)—The Mills Built—Indian Laborers—A Misunderstanding—The Indian’s Rights—They are Wronged—A Protest—Interesting Letter Relating to Allotment of Lands. (See Appendix)—Singular Request—Reason for It—An Act of Justice—The Indian Parade—The Indian’s Speech in English—The Writer’s Reply—Wapto Speaks—Catholics vs. Methodists—Father Waller—An Episode—Leander and Lucy—Love and Law—Old and New—The usual Course of True Love—Marriage Ceremony—No Kissing—The Dance—The Methodist Pastor and the Priest—The Catholics Liberal (?)—A Stupid Preacher—Common Sense in Religion—Indian Comments—Defective Schools—Unwritten History of Grand Round Agency—Old and Forsaken 120 CHAPTER IX. THE AGED PAIR—BIRTHPLACE OF LEGENDS. The Scene Changes—The River Steamer—The Railroad—The Battle Ground—Causes of War and Slaughter—A Legend of the Cascades—Battles—Divine Interpositions—Soul-stirring Traditions—The Waiting Dead—Sacrilegious Hunters—McNulty, the Noble Captain—Mount Hood—Mount Adams—Sublime Scenery—The Dalles—The Salmon Fishery—Its Value—Habits of the Salmon—Commencement of the Fishing Scenery—Indian Superstition—Methods of Catching and Curing Salmon 138 CHAPTER X. DANGEROUS PLACE FOR SINNERS. Warm Spring Agency—Indians in Treaty Council—Intimidated by Government Troops—Pledges Unfulfilled—John Mission and Billy Chinook—They become Converts to Christianity—Treachery of the Government—Why? because the Indians are Peaceable—Journey to the Agency Continued—Crossing the Stream—Fire and Brimstone—A Perilous Descent—The Author’s Report—This Agency a Fraud—Climate of Warm Springs—Character of the Indians Here—The Two Treaties—The Indians Declare they were Deceived—A Great Injustice—Unfitness of the Warm Spring Agency—Captain John Smith—His Character—His Communication—A Careful Perusal Urged 150 CHAPTER XI. THE PARSON BROWNLOW OF THE INDIAN SERVICE.

Captain Smith’s Letter—His Opinion of Catholics—The Indian Council—An Indian Leads in Prayer—Appearance of this Council—It was like a Methodist Revival Scene—The Head Chief’s Speech—He abjures Polygamy—The Author’s Reply—Mark wants to Change his Name—He selects the Name of Meacham—Marks’ Second Wife, Matola—Her Speech—John Mission speaks—Speech of Billy Chinook—Hand-shaking and Enrolling Names—Pi-a-noose—His Speech—Two Kinds of Indians on this Agency—The Trial Policy of the Government 160 CHAPTER XII. NO PLACE LIKE HOME—SQUAWS IN HOOPS AND CHIGNONS. Umatilla Agency—The Council—Its Object—The Purchase by the Government of the Reservation—A. B. Meacham’s Speech—Many Indian Speeches (See Appendix, Chap. XII.)—The Council Fairly Conducted—Religion of the Umatilla Indians—Wealth a Curse to Them—They Take the First Prizes—They are Haughty, Proud and Intractable—“Susan,” the Widow—Her “Receptions”—The Dance—Women’s Rights—Susan a Good Catholic. 181 CHAPTER XIII. “HOW-LISH-WAMPO,” KING OF THE TURF—A DEAD THING CRAWLS. Indian Sportsman—How-lish-wampo, the Famous Horseman—Pat and the Indians Once More—French Louie, the Confident Sport—He is Beaten and Fleeced—Returns on Ponies Given in Charity—Joe Crabb and His Important Race-Horse—His Groomsmen and Attendants—Skirmishing Preparatory to the Great Race—Joe Crabb is Shrewd—The Wild Indian is Shrewder—Indian Method of Training Horses—Intense Interest in the Race—Throngs of Visitors—Holding the Stakes—Indian Honor—Indians not Always Stoical—They are Enthusiastic Gamblers—Never Betray their Emotions—Consummate Strategy of Indian “Sports”—The Appearance of the two Race-Horses—Preliminary Manœuvres—The Start—The Indian Horse Ahead—Wild Excitement—The Fastest Time on Record—All Good Indians Three Feet Under Ground—Fine Opportunity for Sport—Challenge to Commodore Vanderbilt, Robert Bonner, Rev. W. H. H. Murray, or Any Other Man—Habits of the Indian Horses—The Cayuse Horse—An Indian Train—The Squaw’s Outfit—Indian Etiquette—Indian Wives who Want to be Widows—Indian Maidens—Many of the Umatillas Civilized—The Prospect of the Umatillas 185

CHAPTER XIV. SNAKE WAR—FIGHTING THE DEVIL WITH FIRE. The Snake War—Alleged Cause of the War—Manner of Warfare—Charley Winslow and Nathan Dixon—H. C. Scott and