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قراءة كتاب Grammatical Sketch of the Heve Language Shea's Library of American Linguistics. Volume III.

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Grammatical Sketch of the Heve Language
Shea's Library of American Linguistics. Volume III.

Grammatical Sketch of the Heve Language Shea's Library of American Linguistics. Volume III.

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دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
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N. Nemútzan, wizard.
G. Nemútzante,
D. and A. Nemútzanta,
V. Nemútzan,
A. Nemútzantze, in,
Nemútzade, by,
Nemútzantema, with wizard.

Some ending in t while they form the genitive in te, part with a vowel, as follows:

N. Arit, Ant.
G. Arte,
D. and A. Arta,
V. Arit;
A. Artze, in,
Arde, by,
Artema, with ant.

Nónoguat, father, belongs to this declension, and forms the genitive nónauhte; but when preceded by a possessive pronoun, it loses the final guat, as has been stated, and the termination is left in o, to form the genitive in the first declension, as, no, my, no nónoque, of my father, which rule applies equally to other names of kindred.

Sometimes an ablative is formed in u, as teópatu, in the church, from teópa, hecátu, in the shade, from hecát.

Substantives of the Third Declension end in s, r, z, and form the genitive by the addition of e, and the accusative by i.

N. Utzvor, Pitahaya.
G. Utzvōre,
D. and A. Utzvori,
V. Utzvor,
A. Utzvortze, in,
Utzvorde, by,
Utzvorema, with pitahaya.

In this way decline tatas, crabapple,—gen. tatáse, dat. and acc. tatási, &c., also, porótz, wildcat, gen. porótze, dat. and acc. porótzi, &c.

To Adjective Nouns there has been an inclination to assign a separate place, but they terminate in a vowel, and there appears to be no reason why they should not go with substantives of the first declension.

    N. Sóvei, obscure.
    G. Sóveique,
    D. and A. Sóvec,
V. Sóvei,
    A. Sóvetze in,
     Sóveide, by,
     Sóveiquema, with obscure.

OF THE PLURAL.

15. Substantives, especially those animate of rational beings, usually form the

plural by doubling the first syllable, as, dor, man, or male; dódor, men; hoit, woman, pl. hóhoit; déni, good, pl. dedéni.

Some other words form their plural irregularly, as, doritzi, boy, pl. vus, applied to both sexes, though when intended only for males dódorus is used; hoquis, large girls, pl. hórquir; temátzi, big boy, pl. tetemtzi; to which when the particle te is added it marks the absence of any of the other sex, as dodórte, men only; hohóite, women only; hórquirte, girls only. The declension of these plurals is according to the rules before given.

OF KINDRED.

16. The language is remarkable for another peculiarity, which is, that the females in many instances employ different words from the males: the father says to his son, Nognàt, to his daughter, Mórqua; the mother to either says, Nótzgua; the son to the father says, Nonógua,and the daughter says, Mósgua. The elder brother likewise is called Vátzgua, pl. Vapàtz, the younger Vángua, pl. Vopon, the elder sister Cotzgua, pl. Cocátz, the younger Víngua, pl. Vipim, to which adding the possessive pronouns no, amo, and the like, the gua is omitted to such as have that termination. There is much to be learned about the names of the kindred, but the subject is one too wide for present explanation.

PRONOUNS.

17. The Personal Pronoun nee, I, followed by another word becomes ne; nap, thou or you, becomes na, tamide becomes ta; emet or emíde becomes em, veride and iride become ver and ir; meride becomes mer.

SINGULAR. PLURAL.
Nom. Nee, I, Tamide, we,
Gen. No, of me, Tamo, of us,
Dat. and Acc. Netz, to me, Tame, to us,
Voc. (if there be any,) Nee, O, Tamide, O we,
Abl. Noma, with me, Tamóma, with us,
Node, by me; Tamóde, by us.
the ma in this case being that of cause, manner and instrument.

N. Nap, thou, Emet, or Emíde, ye,
G. Amo, of thee, Emo, of you,
D. and A. Eme, to thee, Emé, to you,
V. Nap, O thou, Emèt, O ye,
Ab. Amóma, with thee, Emóma, with you,
Amóde, by thee, Emóde, by you.

N. Veride, or Iride, this, Meride, these,
G. Vére, of this, Mere, of these,
D. and A. Véra, to this, Mera, to these,
Ab. Veréma, with this, Meréma, with these,
Veréde, by this, Merede, by these.

N. Véte, that,
G. Véte, of that. No more appear to exist

N. Id, At, or Ar, that, (he, she), Amét, or Met, these,
G. Ide, or Are, of that, Ame, or Mere, of those,
D. and A. Ia, to that, Ame, to those,
Ab. Arema, or Idema, with that, Améma or Meréma, with those,
Aréde or Idéde, by that Amede, or Herede, by those.

No arácade, by my will, is more used than Nóvide, by my will,
Amóvide, by your will,    Tamóvide, by our will,
Verévide, by the will of this, Emóvide, by your will.
Arevide, by the will of that, Merevide, by the will of these,

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